基本农田粮食安全视角下的农村居民点布局优化——以湖北省监利市为例

Optimization of the Layout of Rural Residential Areas from the Perspective of Basic Farmland Food Security:Taking Jianli City,Hubei Province as an Example

通过对监利市基本农田粮食安全和农村居民点用地适宜性进行评价,将其空间特征融合并划分4种整理区域,以指导监利市农村居民点的建设区域划分及时序安排。运用GIS空间分析、空间叠置与核密度分析法,从自然、社会经济、生态三方面选取评价指标,分别分析基本农田粮食安全与居民点适宜性级别,作为农村居民点整理分区的依据。结果表明,基本农田粮食安全等级分布具有区域差异性,整体呈西北高、东南低的格局;农村居民点适宜性空间分布整体呈北低、南高的格局,其中南部乡镇最优,西北部乡镇次之,东北和东南部乡镇较差。监利市居民点整理分区主要分为重点集聚区、改造升级区、合并组建区、生态迁移区,其居民点面积分别为2547.48公顷、6162.83公顷、4733.61公顷、1286.16公顷。文章将基本农田粮食安全评价引入到居民点空间布局优化中,评价方法兼顾了基本农田粮食安全和农村居民点用地适宜性,有利于更好地统筹利用基本农田和居民点用地。

By evaluating the food security of basic farmland and the suitability of rural residential areas in Jianli City,the spatial characteristics are integrated and divided into 4 types of consolidation areas to guide the construction of rural residential areas and the timing arrangement in Jianli City.Using GIS spatial analysis,spatial overlay and nuclear density analysis methods,evaluation indicators were selected from the three aspects of nature,social economy,and ecology,and the basic farmland food security and the suitability level of residential areas were analyzed separately,which were used as the classification of rural residential areas in accordance with.The results showed that the distribution of basic farmland food security levels is regionally different,with a pattern of higher in the northwest and lower in the southeast;the spatial distribution of rural residential suitability is lower in the north and higher in the south,with the southern townships being the best.Townships in the northwest are second,and townships in the northeast and southeast are worse.Jianli City’s residential area reorganization districts are mainly divided into key agglomeration areas,transformation and upgrading areas,merged formation areas,and ecological migration areas.The residential areas are 2547.48 hm2,6162.83 hm2,4733.61 hm2,and 1286.16 hm2,respectively.The article introduces the basic farmland food security evaluation into the optimization of the spatial layout of residential areas.The evaluation method takes into account the basic farmland food security and the suitability of rural residential land use,which is conducive to better overall utilization of basic farmland and residential land.