我国煤矸石的特性及其提取氧化铝研究进展

A Review on Characteristics and Alumina Extraction of Coal Gangue in China

煤矸石是煤炭生产和加工过程中产生的固体废弃物,堆积量大。在国家双碳战略的背景下,实现煤矸石的综合利用日益受到重视。分析总结了我国煤矸石的资源量、组成与含铝组分的特点,对从煤矸石中提取氧化铝的工艺进展进行了归纳。主要包括酸法、碱法提取氧化铝的原理、工艺流程和工业化进程,指出了制约其工业化的关键问题,提出加快研究和完善环保高效的煤矸石提取氧化铝技术,以促进煤矸石的高值化利用。

Coal gangue is a solid waste produced in the process of coal production and processing,with a large accumulation.Under the background of national dual-carbon strategy,the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue attracts worldwide attention.The characteristics of the resources,composition and aluminum-containing components of gangue in China were analyzed.Furthermore,the technological progress of extracting alumina from coal gangue was summarized including the principle,technological process,and industrialization process of acid and alkali extraction of alumina,and the key problems constraining its industrialization were pointed out.It was proposed to accelerate the research and improve the environmental protection and efficient alumina extraction technology from coal gangue to promote the high-value utilization of coal gangue.