基于文渊阁彩画科学分析的清官式彩画描渍工艺解读与复原

Interpretation and Reconstruction of Qing Official-style Miaozi Based on the Scientific Analysis of Wenyuange’s Polychrome Decoration

描渍是一种现已失传的清官式建筑彩画绘制工艺,经文献研究与实例调研发现,文渊阁大木彩画中仍留存有该工艺的使用痕迹,且现存彩画包含自始建年代至清末的多次修缮遗迹。本文以文渊阁勘察项目为依托,采用剖面显微分析和偏光显微分析等科技考古手段,结合文献研究,揭示出文渊阁彩画中描渍工艺的用料与操作特征,并通过实验的方式对此工艺进行复原。

Miaozi was a technique for polychrome decoration in official-style Qing architecture,which is now lost.According to literature,miaozi was used at Wenyuange,the renowned imperial library in Beijing,with the polychrome decoration dating from the mid-to late-Qing dynasty.A survey on site confirms that there are still traces of the use of this technique.Based on the study of historical documents and the site investigation results,using scientific archaeological methods such as cross-section microscopy and polarized light microscopy analysis,this article identifies the operating characteristics and materials used for the miaozi at Wenyuange,and reconstructs the historical technique through experiment and simulation.