人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者多病共患现况研究进展

Advances in research of multimorbidity among HIV-positive individuals

多病共患通常指同一个体内同时存在≥2种的慢性病或健康问题。随着抗逆转录病毒疗法的广泛应用,人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者免疫缺陷状况得到明显地改善,期望寿命显著提高,并表现出多种疾病患病率增高且较一般人群早衰的老龄化趋势。随之而来的多病共患将日益加重医疗及经济负担,而不同的共病模式可能提示各种危险因素对健康结局的差异性影响,上述问题将对HIV感染者的卫生保健与综合管理工作提出诸多挑战。本文综述了国内外近年来HIV感染者多病共患现况及模式的相关研究进展。

Multimorbidity is the co⁃existing of two or more chronic diseases or health problems.Widespread access to antiretroviral therapy has led to a marked improvement in the immune status and life expectancy among HIV-positive individuals.HIV-positive individuals suffer from higher burden of chronic non-communicable diseases and are more likely to show a premature aging and frailty trend compared with the general population.The consequent increase in the prevalence of multimorbidity leads to the increasing in medical and economic burden,and different comorbidity patterns may indicate different risk factors and have different effects on health outcomes,posing challenges to healthcare and comprehensive management for HIV-positive individuals.This review summarizes research advances in prevalence,associated factors and patterns of comorbidities among HIV-positive individuals.