简易土槽试验台的设计与试验

Design and Test of Simple Soil Trough Test Bench

针对农具耕作部件田间性能测试成本高、数据采集困难、效率低等问题,设计了一种简易室内土槽试验台,包括土槽、试验台车、测控系统3部分。其中,试验台车由机架、刮土板、镇压装置及驱动系统等组成,测控系统由控制系统、智能数据采集系统组成。试验台车以减速电机为动力,无线遥控台车行进,能够实现土壤平整以及速度0~2km/h、耕深0~20cm、土壤3种镇压调节,且试验数据能够无线实时采集与处理。对土槽试验台车进行性能测试,结果表明:试验台车无线遥控可靠,镇压装置3种状态能对土壤产生不同的镇压效果。以培土器为对象,速度、耕深、镇压力为试验因素,采集应变、振动加速度信号,结果表明:土槽试验台各因素调节功能正常,数据采集系统能够正常采集、储存、分析数据,总体性能稳定,能够达到设计目标,满足试验需求。

Aiming at the problems of high cost,difficult data acquisition and low efficiency of field performance test of farming tools,a simple indoor soil tank test-bed is designed in this paper.The test bench is divided into three parts:soil tank,test trolley and measurement and control system.The test trolley is composed of frame,scraper,pressing device and driving system.The measurement and control system consists of control system and intelligent data acquisition system.The test trolley is powered by the reduction motor,and the wireless remote control trolley travels.It can realize three kinds of suppression and adjustment:soil leveling,speed of 0~2km/h,tillage depth of 0~20cm and soil,and the test data can be collected and processed wirelessly in real time.The test results show that the wireless remote control of the test trolley is reliable;The three states of the pressing device can produce different pressing effects on the soil;Taking the cultivator as the object and the speed,tillage depth and ballast pressure as the test factors,the strain and vibration acceleration signals are collected.The results show that the adjustment function of each factor is normal and the data acquisition system can collect,store and analyze data normally.The overall performance of the soil tank test-bed is stable,which can achieve the design goal and meet the test requirements.