播种机作业工况复合检测方法的研究

Research on Compound Detection Method of Seeder Operating Condition

对于甜菜、油菜等经济作物而言,为了达到提产增效、降低成本的目的,通常采用气吸式精密播种机来完成种植过程。由于上述作物种子丸粒化之后的体积小、质量轻,为保证株距合格率,往往采用低位排种的结构设计形式。由于排种器的安装位置很低,最下端距地面的距离通常在3~5cm左右,导致没有足够的空间安装常规结构的播种状态检测装置。为此,提出一种基于复合检测原理的技术方案,采用在排种器落种口前后位置分别设置光电传感器的结构,借助单片机完成智能实时数据分析,以实现对排种器工作状态的间接检测,较好地解决了狭窄空间内小粒种子的落种检测难题。

Sugar beet,rape and other cash crops are generally sown with pneumatic precision seeder,in order to achieve the purpose of increasing yield and efficiency.As the small size and light weight after the seed pill graining,for the sake of the qualified rate of sowing distance,low seed metering structure is adopt,that results in the lower installation position of seed metering device,the distance from its bottom to the ground is about 3-5cm,there is not enough space to install the seeding detecting device with the conventional structure.This paper proposed a technical scheme which based on the principle of composite detection,the photoelectric sensors were set respectively before and after the seed drop port in structure design,the single chip microcomputer finish intelligent real-time data analysis,realize the indirect detection of seed metering device working condition,resolve the detection problem of small seeds falling in the narrow space.