剪切式红花采摘装置的设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Shearing Safflower Picking Device

针对目前红花采摘人工需求量大、劳动强度高和效率低等问题,设计了一种剪切式红花采摘装置。完成了曲柄滑块机构的运动分析计算,得到剪切装置中动刀片的剪切力F_(t)≈98.69N;进行了输花孔的设计,并确定了结构参数;通过剪切性能试验,确定了电机转速为300r/min、输花孔锥度为78.9°。红花采摘试验表明:红花花丝平均采净率为94.63%,花球平均损伤率为8.2%,花丝平均含杂率为2.17%,装置满足红花的采摘要求,可为后期红花的机械化采摘提供参考。

Aiming at the current problems of high labor demand for safflower picking,high labor intensity and low picking efficiency,this paper proposes a shearing type safflower picking device.The motion analysis and calculation of the crank-slider mechanism was completed,and the shear force of the moving blade in the shearing device was obtained,Ft≈98.69N;the flower delivery hole was designed and the structural parameters were determined.Through the shear performance test,it was determined that the motor speed was 300 r/min and the taper of the flower hole was 78.9°;According to the safflower picking test,the average net harvesting rate of safflower filaments was 94.63%,the average damage rate of the curd was 8.2%,and the average impurity content of the filaments was 2.17%.The picking requirements provide some references for the later mechanized picking of safflower.