明代吴宽东庄园林复原及特征研究

Research on Restoration and Features of Dongzhuang Garden of Wu Kuan in Ming Dynasty

“东庄”是明朝名臣、诗人吴宽在苏州的一所大型庄园园林,其园林风格、田园逸趣,不事雕琢,以田园山水为题材,既不缺乏浓厚的文人气息,也不失隐居的独特乐趣。东庄也由此成为后世庄园园林中影响最深远的庄园之一。通过对文献、古籍、园册的梳理与分析,绘制了“东庄二十一景拓扑图”,从而推理“东庄平面图”。从东庄得天独厚的造园环境、紧密的山水骨架、古朴的建筑风格、实用性与观赏性兼具的植物景致,以及晴耕雨读的文化氛围展开分析。不仅要厘清东庄空间布局,也力求为明代江南庄园园林研究贡献一份力量。

Dongzhuang Garden is a large-scale manor garden in Suzhou by Wu Kuan,who is a famous minister and poet of the Ming Dynasty.Its garden style is idyllic and interesting without carving,which is no lack of strong literati flavor,but also a unique pleasure of seclusion.As a result,Dongzhuang Garden has become one of the most far-reaching manors in the manor gardens of later generations.The author draws the“topological map of Twenty-One Scenes of Dongzhuang Garden”by sorting out and analyzing the documents,the ancient books and garden albums to deduce“the plan of Dongzhuang Garden”.The paper analyzes the unique gardening environment,close landscape skeleton,quaint architectural style,practical and ornamental plants,and the cultural atmosphere of farming in sunny days and reading in rainy days in Dongzhuang Garden.It not only clarifies the spatial layout of Dongzhuang Garden,but also strives to contribute to the research on Jiangnan manor gardens in the Ming Dynasty.