木质素基吸附剂制备及应用研究进展

Progresses on the Preparation of Lignin-based Adsorbents and Its Applications

木质素是自然界中储量仅次于纤维素的芳香族天然高分子,具有生产量大、成本低、易于改性加工等优点,在废水处理中具有广阔的应用前景。综述了木质素基微球的制备方法,包括溶剂挥发自组装法、乳液溶剂蒸发法和反相悬浮共聚法;木质素基水凝胶的制备方法,包括氧化还原法和高压均质法;木质素基炭材料吸附剂的制备方法,包括碳化法,静电纺丝法和模板法。综述了木质素基吸附剂在有机染料、重金属和抗生素等吸附领域中的应用,并对木质素基吸附剂目前存在的问题以及发展前景进行了总结和展望。

Lignin is an aromatic natural polymer with the second largest reserves in nature after cellulose.It has the advantages of high production,inexpensive cost,and effortless modification and processing,and has a broad application prospect in wastewater processing.The preparations of lignin-based microspheres,including solvent volatilization self-assembly method,emulsion solvent evaporation method and reversed-phase suspension copolymerization method;the preparation of lignin-based hydrogels,including redox method and high-pressure homogenization method;the preparation of lignin-based carbon material adsorbents,including carbonization method,electrostatic spinning method and template method.The applications of lignin-based adsorbents in the field of adsorption of organic dyes,heavy metals and antibiotics were described.Finally,the current problems of lignin-based adsorbents and the prospects for their development were summarized and outlined.