薜荔藤水提物对慢性阻塞性肺病模型大鼠肺功能障碍及炎症的影响

Effects of aqueous extracts from Ficus pumila on pulmonary dysfunction and inflammation in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

目的:观察薜荔藤水提物对慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)模型大鼠的防治作用并探讨其作用机制。方法:采用向大鼠气管内注射脂多糖和烟熏方法建立COPD模型。依次对大鼠进行肺功能测试;采用ELISA检测肺泡灌洗液中相关炎症因子水平;对腹主动脉血进行血气分析;并采用HE染色观察肺组织病理变化。结果:与正常组大鼠相比,模型组大鼠各项指标符合COPD病理表现。造模组动物存在明显的气流阻塞,而薜荔藤水提物高剂量组能显著提高用力呼吸容积(FVC)、第0.3 s用力呼吸容积(Fev0.3)、峰流速(PEF)、第0.3 s用力呼吸容积与用力呼吸容积的百分比(Fev0.3/FVC)等水平(P<0.01),与阳性药物(氨茶碱)组表现的结果相似。造模大鼠肺部存在O 2和CO 2交换异常;同时,高剂量薜荔藤水提物能显著改善COPD大鼠肺通气功能,效果优于阳性药物。薜荔藤水提物中、高剂量组和阳性药物组能显著降低白细胞数目(P<0.05)。高剂量薜荔藤水提物可显著改善TNF-α、IL-8、IL-1、弹性蛋白酶和血小板活化因子等各项炎症因子水平(P<0.05),而阳性药物组仅对血小板活化因子影响显著(P<0.01)。高剂量薜荔藤水提物可减轻造模引起的肺部炎性细胞浸润、杯状细胞和腺体增生、肺泡扩张和平滑肌增厚等病理情况。结论:高剂量薜荔藤水提物预防性给药可改善COPD大鼠的肺功能障碍和炎症水平。

Objective:The preventive and therapeutic effects of the aqueous extract of Ficus pumila on COPD model rats were observed and its mechanism was also discussed.Methods:COPD model was established by intratracheal injection of lipopolysaccharide and smoking.Using the pulmonary function test,the level of related inflammatory factors detection in the BALF by ELISA,the blood gas analysis and HE staining for lung pathological observation.Results:The results showed that the indexes of the model rats were consistent with the pathological characteristic of COPD.The model group animals had obvious airflow obstruction,while the high dose of F.pumila aqueous extract group could significantly increase the levels of FVC,Fev0.3,PEF,Fev0.3/FVC(P<0.01),similar to the results of positive control drug(aminophylline).There was abnormal exchange of O_(2)and CO_(2)in the lungs of the model rats;At the same time,the high dosage of Ficus pumila aqueous extract can significantly improve the pulmonary ventilation function of COPD,and the effect was better than positive drug.Medium dose-,high dose aqueous extract group and positive drug group could significantly reduce the number of leukocytes(P<0.05).High dosage aqueous extract could significantly improve TNF-α,IL-8,IL-1,elastase,platelet activating factor and other inflammatory factors(P<0.05),while positive drug only had a significant effect on platelet activating factor(P<0.01).High dosage aqueous extract could reduce the pathological conditions of lung inflammation cell infiltration,goblet cell and gland hyperplasia,alveolar dilatation and smooth muscle thickening caused by COPD.Conclusion:High dosage aqueous extract of F.pumila could improve the pulmonary dysfunction and inflammation level of COPD in rats.