数字金融是否能够提升农户家庭福利?——基于Sen的可行能力理论

Does Digital Finance Improve the Welfare of Rural Households?—Based on Sen’s Feasibility Theory

农户家庭福利水平的提升能促使农户在乡村振兴中拥有更多的获得感、幸福感。家庭福利包括经济福利在内,具有更丰富的维度。基于Sen提出的可行能力理论与功能性活动,从经济条件、教育与医疗、社会保障、工作机会、基层治理、主观感受6个方面构建农户家庭福利体系。利用中国家庭金融调查数据(CHFS)2019年的数据探究数字金融对农户家庭福利的影响。研究发现:①数字金融能够显著提升农户家庭福利水平。②第三方支付显著增加农户家庭福利,特别是对经济发达地区农户的促进作用最强;网络借贷仅显著提升经济落后地区农户家庭福利;网络理财显著提升经济水平一般和落后地区农户家庭福利。③数字金融对女性占比较大的农户家庭福利水平的促进作用大于占比较小的农户家庭。鉴于此,中国经济发展程度不同地区应因地制宜地鼓励农户参与不同种类的数字金融,并加强对农村女性数字金融素养的培育。

The improvement of the welfare level of rural households can promote the peasantry to have more sense of gain and happiness in rural revitalization.Family welfare,including economic welfare,has a wealthier dimension.Based on Sen’s feasible ability theory and functional activities,rural households’welfare system is constructed from six aspects:economic conditions,education and medical care,social security,job opportunities,grassroots governance,and feelings.Using the data from the China Household Finance Survey(CHFS)for 2019 to explore the impact of digital finance on the welfare of rural households.The research found that:①Digital finance can significantly improve the welfare level of rural households.②Third-party payments significantly increase the welfare of the peasantry,especially for those in economically developed areas;online lending only significantly increases the welfare of the peasantry in economically backward areas;online wealth management significantly increases the welfare of the peasantry in economically average and backward areas.③The role of digital finance in promoting the welfare of rural households with a large proportion of women is more vital than that of rural households with a small proportion of women.Different cities in China should encourage the peasantry to participate in different types of digital finance according to local conditions and strengthen the cultivation of rural women’s digital financial literacy.