山东聊城引种3种观赏竹的适应性

Adaptability of Three Introduced Ornamental Bamboo Species in Liaocheng City,Shandong Province

研究了引种观赏竹对低温的生理响应,综合评价其抗寒能力,以期为竹资源在北方的推广提供科学指导。以山东省聊城市百竹园的金镶玉竹(Phyllostachys aureosulcata‘Spectabilis’)、黄纹竹(Ph.vivax‘Huanwenzhu’)、紫竹(Ph.nigra)3种引种观赏竹为研究对象,研究了3种引种观赏竹的出笋率及电导率、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、游离脯氨酸、丙二醛(MDA)含量等6个抗寒生理指标,采用熵权TOPSIS法进行抗寒性综合评价。结果表明:出笋率从高到低依次为金镶玉竹、黄纹竹、紫竹。人工低温处理下,随低温胁迫的加剧,3种竹叶的电导率均呈上升趋势,金镶玉竹的电导率最高;MDA含量表现为先降低后上升;金镶玉竹叶片中渗透物质含量高于黄纹竹和紫竹,可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、游离脯氨酸的含量升高;金镶玉竹叶片SOD酶活性显著高于其他2个竹种;基于熵权法进行抗寒性综合评价,可溶性蛋白质含量在抗寒指标中占的权重最大(23.69%),其次为游离脯氨酸(22.56%)和可溶性糖(15.40%);TOPSIS评价得出金镶玉竹抗寒能力最强,其次为黄纹竹、紫竹。

The paper studies the physiological response of introduced ornamental bamboos species to low temperatures,and carry out a comprehensive evaluation of their cold resistance in order to provide scientific guidance for bamboo resources introduction from the south to the north.Three introduced ornamental bamboo species,including Phyllostachys aureosulcata'Spectabilis’,Ph.vivax'Huanwenzhu’and Ph.nigra are selected from the Baizhu Garden in Liaocheng City to study their six physiological indexes of cold resistance,including shooting rate and electrical conductivity,superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,soluble sugar,soluble protein,free proline and malondialdehyde(MDA)content,and the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method is used for comprehensive evaluation of cold resistance.The results show that the shooting rate is in the order of,from the highest to the lowest,Ph.aureosulcata'Spectabilis’,Ph.vivax'Huanwenzhu’and Ph.nigra.Under the artificial low temperature treatment,the electrical conductivity of the leaves of the three species presents an increasing trend,while the electrical conductivity of Ph.aureosulcata'Spectabilis’is the highest.The MDA content decreases firstly and increases later.The content of osmotic substances in the leaves of Ph.aureosulcata'Spectabilis’is higher than that of Ph.vivax'Huanwenzhu’and Ph.nigra,and their contents of soluble sugar,soluble protein and free proline increase.The SOD activity of Ph.aureosulcata'Spectabilis’leaves is significantly higher than the other two bamboo species.The comprehensive evaluation of cold resistance using entropy-weighted method indicates that soluble protein content accounts for the greatest weight in the cold resistance indexes(23.69%),followed by free proline(22.56%)and soluble sugar(15.40%).TOPSIS evaluation shows that Ph.aureosulcata'Spectabilis’has the strongest cold resistance,followed by Ph.vivax'Huanwenzhu’and Ph.nigra.