金镶玉竹不同引种距离的生理适应性

Physiological Adaptability of Phyllostachys aureosulcata‘Spectabilis’under Different Introduction Distances

为探讨金镶玉竹(Phyllostachys aureosulcata‘Spectabilis’)在纬度水平上引种差异及其生理响应,以纬度依次相差3°的扬州(原产地)、聊城(引种地)、北京(引种地)3处金镶玉竹试验林为研究对象,测定叶片相对电导率,经Logistic方程拟合获得3个纬度梯度下金镶玉竹的半致死温度(LT50),结合生理指标[超氧物歧化酶(SOD)活性、可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖、丙二醛(MDA)和脯氨酸含量],通过隶属函数法进行抗寒能力的综合评价。结果表明:(1)低温胁迫下金镶玉竹叶片MDA含量随温度的降低呈先上升后下降的趋势,相对电导率、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、脯氨酸含量及SOD酶活性随温度的下降而升高;(2)金镶玉竹LT50、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、脯氨酸含量及SOD酶活性随着纬度的升高而降低,MDA含量变化与之相反;(3)不同栽植地金镶玉竹的抗寒性综合排名为北京>聊城>扬州。研究结果显示,经过多年引种栽培,北京、聊城栽植的金镶玉竹抗寒性已显著高于扬州,高纬度地区引种栽植对金镶玉竹驯化效果显著。

To explore the introduction differences in latitude and its physiological response,this paper takes Phyllostachys aureosulcata'Spectabilis’from three experimental forests in Yangzhou(origin),Liaocheng(introduction site)and Beijing(introduction site),which have the latitudinal differences of 3°,to measure the relative electrical conductivity of leaves and obtain the semi-lethal temperature(LT50)using Logistic equation fitting under three latitudinal gradients.The results are combined with physiological indexes,including superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,soluble protein,soluble sugar,malondialdehyde(MDA)and proline content,to comprehensively evaluate the cold-resistance ability by using membership function method.The results show that:(1)Under low temperature stress,the MDA content in bamboo leaves of Ph.aureosulcata'Spectabilis’increases first and then decreases with the decrease of temperature,and the relative conductivity,soluble sugar,soluble protein,proline content and SOD activity increase with the decrease of temperature;(2)The contents of LT50,soluble sugar,soluble protein,proline and SOD activity decrease with the increase of latitude,while the content of MDA presents an opposite trend;and (3)The ranking of the planting area in cold resistance is Beijing>Liaocheng>Yangzhou.The results indicate that after introduction and cultivation for years,the cold resistance of Ph.aureosulcata'Spectabilis’introduced in Beijing and Liaocheng is significantly higher than that in Yangzhou,and the introduction and cultivation in the high latitude area has significant effect on the domestication of the species.