摘要
回顾2022年,航运业又经历了不平凡的一年,克拉克森海运指数同比上涨30%,创历史最高纪录。受俄乌冲突、新冠疫情持续、世界经济增速放缓等全球事件影响,航运细分市场走势各异。2022年,涵盖4个航运细分市场的克拉克森海运指数飙升了30%,至37253美元/天,超过了2008年达到的峰值。需要指出与2008年不同的是,2022年第四季度克拉克森海运指数仍保持坚挺。若不考虑集装箱航运市场收益,2022年指数较2008年下跌25%。
In our 2022 review,we profile another remarkable year for the shipping industry,with a record-breaking ClarkSea Index(up 30%y-o-y)and a maritime sector again managing wide ranging disruption from global events including the onset of the Ukraine conflict,continued impacts from the Pandemic,a slowing world economy and divergent trends across the shipping sectors.In 2022,the ClarkSea(our day rate average for bulkers,tankers,container and gas representing 80%of all shipping capacity)surged 30%to$37,253/day,moving beyond previous highs in 2008(unlike 2008,there was not a weak Q4 but also note if containers are stripped out 2022 was 25%below 2008).Divergent trends across the shipping sectors developed as the year progressed.The container market began the year at record levels but experienced a sharp correction in 2H as trade volumes and congestion unwound(charter rates have lagged freight declines but newbuilding deliveries are now set to pick up).Car Carrier rates hit record highs.Bulk carrier rates eased back but were more resilient in the smaller sizes with“healthy”rate levels.However“,energy”shipping rates strengthened across the year with tankers(particularly mid-sized crude&products:MRs up 371%y-o-y)benefitting from the redistribution of Russian exports/European imports and the impact of direct sanctions on tonnage.Driven by an energy security focus,LNG day rates reached all-time highs(also record newbuild orders:182 of$39bn).Day rates for offshore rigs/OSV recovered to post-2014 highs and seemed“well set”:offshore“wind”continued its exciting growth(see offshore review).
出处
《中国远洋海运》
2023年第2期64-64,10,11,共3页
Maritime China
