中药材溯源体系的现状评析

Analysis on the status quo of quality traceability system of Chinese medicinal materials

我国中医药发展历史悠久,中药材的品质关系到我国中医药的可持续发展。传统中药材与新一代信息技术的融合创新势在必然,面对中药材在生产流通各环节中可能出现的质量问题,建立起一套高效可靠的中药材溯源体系十分必要。随着仪器分析和分子生物学技术的发展,一些新的技术如中药指纹图谱、同位素示踪技术、条形码技术和射频识别技术等相继出现,被用于中药材的质量和来源鉴定、数据转化以及信息存储。中药材溯源系统是实现我国中药材全过程监督管理的重要手段,该系统的建立依赖于物联网、区块链、DNA条形码等关键技术,新兴技术与中药材溯源系统的结合也弥补了传统中药溯源的不足。本文总结以上技术在中药材溯源体系中的研究应用情况,概述目前中药材全产业链追溯标准规范和在此基础上的溯源系统开发,归纳分析已建立中药材溯源系统的部分省份的经典案例,并以吉林省为例分析目前中药材溯源体系的试点建设情况,对迄今为止存在的问题进行浅析并提出建议,为进一步在全国范围内推广、发展和完善中药材质量溯源体系提供参考。

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has a long history of development,and the quality of traditional Chinese medicinal materials is closely related to the sustainable development of TCM.Therefore,it is imperative for TCM and the new generation of information technology to be integrated and innovative.In the face of possible quality problems in the production and circulation of TCM,it is necessary to establish an efficient and reliable quality traceability system for TCM.With the development of instrumental analysis and molecular biology technology,some new technologies have emerged,such as TCM fingerprint,isotope tracer technology,bar code technology and radio frequency identification(RFID)technology,which are used for quality and source identification,data transformation and information storage of TCM quality standardization,data and information.The quality traceability system of Chinese medicinal materials is an important means to realize the whole-process supervision and management of Chinese medicinal materials.The establishment of the system relies on key technologies such as the Internet of Things,blockchain,DNA barcode,etc.The combination of emerging technologies and the traceability system of Chinese medicinal materials also makes up for the deficiency of the traceability of TCM.This paper summarized the research and application of the above technologies in the quality traceability system of Chinese medicinal materials,outlined the current traceability standards and norms of the whole industry chain of Chinese medicinal materials and the development of the traceability system,and analyzed the classic cases of some provinces in China that have established the traceability system of Chinese medicinal materials.Taking Jilin Province as an example,the pilot construction of Chinese herbal medicine traceability system was analyzed.Finally,the existing problems were analyzed and suggestions were put forward to provide references for further promoting,developing and improving the quality traceability system of Chinese herbal medicine nationwide.