1828~1832年清朝对浩罕商侨的管制政策

The Qing Dynasty’s Regulatory Policy on Kokand Business Immigrant in 1828~1832

1828~1832年,清政府对浩罕实施以茶叶、大黄为中心的贸易制裁,同时对旅居新疆的浩罕商侨采取了严厉的管制政策。在新疆生活十年以内的浩罕商侨被驱逐出境,居住十年以上者也拟“驱逐净尽”。与贸易制裁一样,驱逐浩罕商侨政策也是一次有始无终的失败之举。那彦成在推出这一政策时未审慎地分析政策的可操作性及可能存在的消极后果,道光帝未能组织廷臣进行细致地研讨并提出有效的指导与建议,是这一政策失败的重要原因。

In 1828~1832,the Qing Dynasty carried out trade sanctions on Kokand centred on tea and Chinese rhubarb,at the same time adopted severe regulatory policy on Kokand business immigrant whom lived in Xinjiang.Those lived less 10 years were deported,and those lived over 10 years would also be deported in the end。Just like trade sanctions,the policy of deporting Kokand business immigrant did not gain any prestige for Qing Dynasty and consolidate its governmance,on the contrary,it Stimulated the contradiction between Qing and Kokand,destroyed borderland stabilization and ruling order,damaged national security and interests.It was a failure which had a beginning but no end.When made this policy,Nayancheng did not modestly analyze its Operability and possible negative consequences,and Daoguang Emperor did not organize courtiers meticulously deliberate this policy and put forward effective guidance and advice,all those led the policy to failure.