维持性血液透析患者营养状况及生活质量研究

Nutritional status and quality of life in maintenance hemodialysis patients

目的:探讨维持性血液透析(maintenancehemodialysis,MHD)患者目前的营养和生活质量状况,分析影响生活质量的危险因素。方法:对2021年10月至12月在安徽省芜湖市某省级三级甲等医院的血液净化中心需要定期来MHD患者进行筛查,采用一般资料调查表、微型营养评估量表(Mini-nutritionalAssessment,MNA)、健康调查简表(theMOS 36-itemshortformhealthsurvey,SF-36)进行问卷调查。采用多元线性逐步回归分析影响MHD患者SF-36总分的危险因素。结果:MHD患者MNA总分(22.06±3.01)分,MHD患者潜在营养不良风险为63.08%(82/130),明确营养不良为5.38%(7/130)。MHD患者的SF-36生活质量总分为(58.50±11.38)分。多元线性逐步回归分析显示,无外出社交意愿、无配偶、MNA营养状态差和年龄大是影响MHD患者SF-36总分的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:MHD患者普遍存在营养不良较高的风险,生活质量水平处在较低的程度。外出社交意愿、婚姻状态、营养状态和年龄是影响生活质量水平的因素。

Objective:To investigate the current status of nutrition and quality of life in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients,and to analyze the risk factors affecting their quality of life.Methods:From Oct to Dec 2021,MHD patients in a provincial tertiary hospital hemodialysis center in Wuhu,Anhui Province,were selected as the study population.Selfadministered general information questionnaire,Mini-nutritional Assessment(MNA),and the MOS 36-item short form health survey(SF-36)were used for questionnaire investigation.Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the total score of SF-36 in MHD patients.Results:The total MNA score in MHD patients was(22.06±3.01),the incidence of potential malnutrition risk in MHD patients was 63.08%(82/130),and the incidence of definite malnutrition was 5.38%(7/130).The total SF-36 quality of life score in MHD patients was(58.50±11.38).Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that no social outing,no spouse,poor nutritional status and old age were risk factors affecting the total quality of life score of MHD patients(P<0.05).Conclusions:MHD patients are generally at higher risk of malnutrition and their quality of life level is at a lower level.Social outing,marital status,nutritional status and age are the factors affecting the quality of life.