“双减”政策落地的堵点问题与疏解方略——基于“双减”前后学校的社会—系统模型的考察

Tough Problems and Relief Strategies for the Implementation of the“Double Reduction”Policy—An Investigation on the Social System Model of Schools before and after“Double Reduction”

在开放系统组织理论视角下,通过构建“双减”前后学校的社会—系统模型可以发现,“双减”之前的学校组织系统、校外培训组织系统在学生成绩提升和升学率提高方面形成了“双系统”“双转化”格局,加重了学生作业负担和校外培训负担。在“双减”政策落地过程中,学校组织系统、校外培训组织系统以及由家庭、学校、社会、政府等构成的环境(超系统)是“双减”任务的主要承担者,易因矛盾聚集而成为“双减”政策落地的堵点。因此,需要汇聚家庭、学校、社会、政府等环境(超系统)的协同力量,推动学校组织系统进行自我调整,促使校外培训组织系统主动完成自我革新,从而疏解“双减”堵点,恢复学校社会系统平衡,实现“双减”目标。

From the perspective of open system organization theory,and by constructing the social system model of schools before and after the“double reduction”,it can be found that the school organization system and after-school tutoring organization system before the“double reduction”formed a pattern of“double system”and“double transformation”in increasing students’academic performance and enrollment rate,thus increasing the burden of students’homework and after-school tutoring.When implementing the“double reduction”,the school organization system,after-school tutoring organization system,the environment(super system)formed by home,school,society,and government have become the main task bearer,which may easily become the tough problems for the implementation of the“double reduction”policy due to conflict accumulation.Therefore,it is necessary to further gather the collaborative efforts of such environments(super system)as home,school,society and government to promote the self-adjustment of school organization system,and to make after-school tutoring institutions to actively complete self innovation,so as to solve the tough problems of“double reduction”,restore the balance of social system of schools and achieve the goal of“double reduction”.