健康教育的校际差异及其对青少年健康的影响——基于“中国教育追踪调查”学校数据的实证分析

The School Difference of Health Education and Its Influence on Adolescent Health—An Empirical Analysis of School Data Based on“China Education Panel Survey”

基于“中国教育追踪调查(2014—2015年)”学校数据,运用似不相关回归模型与结构方程模型,探讨健康教育实施的校际差异,并评估其在青少年健康上的成效。研究发现,学校健康体检与健康教育课程对青少年健康具有促进作用,但是其实施会受到学校师资配置、生均拨款、硬件设施与升学质量的制约,存在学校层面的“偏差”,不利于青少年“五育”中“智”与“体”的均衡发展。为此,地方教育主管部门应关注学校健康教育问题,结合辖区情况加大学校健康教育及体检类基础设施的建设力度。学校层面也须完善健康教育与监测机制,为青少年“五育均衡”发展筑起校内保障。

Based on the school data of“China Education Panel Survey”,this study has applied seemingly uncorrelated regression with structural equation model to explore the school difference in the implementation of health education and evaluate its effectiveness on adolescent health.It has found that although the school health examination and health education curriculum have a promoting effect on health,their implementation will be subject to the school faculty configuration,raw grants,hardware facilities and the quality of school.There is a school-level“executive bias”,which is not conducive to the equilibrium development of“intelligence”and“health”in the“holistic education”of adolescents.Therefore,considering the actual situation in its administrative region,the local education authority should focus on school health education problems to increase the construction efforts of the school health education and the school health infrastructure.At the school level,it is also necessary to improve the health education and monitoring mechanism,so as to build a campus guarantee for the balanced development of the“holistic education”of adolescents.