铁路建设项目弃渣场变更原因分析及防治对策研究

Research on Cause Analysis and Prevention Countermeasures of Abandoned Dreg Field Change of Railway Construction Projects

近年来,铁路建设项目弃渣场变更率居高不下,选取2007—2021年21个铁路项目弃渣场为研究对象,通过数据统计对弃渣场变更原因进行分析并提出相应的防治对策。弃渣场变更主要原因依次为征地困难36.33%、线路方案变化19.65%、施工便道困难13.81%、施组变化9.75%及地方建设利用7.04%,共计占比86.36%。初设阶段编制水保方案相比可研阶段可有效减少弃渣场变更率。设计单位加强弃渣场勘察和设计深度、施工单位严格按照环水保批复和设计指定位置进行施工、建设单位建立和健全完善的管理体系、水行政主管部门提前介入和科学指导,实现主多部门共同协作、共同管控。以期为减少铁路建设项目弃渣场变更提供参考和依据。

In recent years,the change rate of abandoned dreg field of railway construction projects has remained high.This paper selects 21 railway project abandoned dreg fields from 2007 to 2021 as the research object,analyzes the causes for the change of abandoned dreg fields through data statistical analysis,and puts forward corresponding prevention countermeasures.The corresponding main causes for the abandoned dreg field changes are the difficulties in land acquisition by 36.33%,line scheme change by 19.65%,difficulties in construction access by 13.81%,construction organization scheme change by 9.75%,and local construction utilization by 7.04%,accounting for 86.36% in total.Compared with what is proposed in the feasibility study,the change rate of abandoned dreg field can be effectively reduced based on the water and soil conservation plan formulated in the preliminary design.The design institutes shall strengthen the investigation and design depth of the waste dump,the construction enterprises shall implement construction in strict accordance with the approval of environmental and water conservation authorities and the designated location by the design,the development organizations shall establish and improve their management system,and the water administration department shall intervene in advance and give scientific guidance.All the efforts are expected to provide reference and basis for reducing the change of abandoned dreg field of railway construction projects.