贫血患者临床诊断中血液检验的应用价值探讨

Application Value Discussion of Blood Test in Clinical Diagnosis of AnemiaPatients

目的 探讨贫血患者临床诊断中血液检验的应用价值。方法 选择信阳市中心医院2020年1~12月收治的60例贫血患者,包括30例缺铁性贫血与30例地中海贫血患者,分别列为缺铁性贫血组与地中海贫血组,选择同期入院体检的30例健康人士,将其列为对照组,比较三组患者血液检验中RBC外周血红细胞计数、Hb血红蛋白、MCH平均红细胞血红蛋白含量、RDW红细胞体积分布宽度、MCV平均红细胞体积和RBC/MCV比值。结果 缺铁性贫血患者与地中海贫血患者的RBC、RDW水平高于对照组健康体检人士,Hb、MCH、MCV水平低于对照组健康体检人士,比较存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。缺铁性贫血组患者RBC/MCV值低于对照组,比较具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。地中海贫血患者和缺铁性贫血患者MCV指标比较无显著差异(P>0.05),RBC、MCH、Hb以及RBC/MCV值均存在显著差异,地中海贫血组更高(P<0.05);血常规中RBC、MCH、Hb、RDW及MCV值联合检测在贫血中的诊断灵敏度、特异度高于单一血常规中RBC、MCH、Hb、RDW及MCV值检测(P<0.05)。结论 应用血液检验诊断临床贫血患者,能够准确鉴别患者的贫血类型,为临床治疗提供有效参考,具有很高的应用价值。

Objective To explore application value of blood test in clinical diagnosis of anemia patients.Methods The paper chose 60 patients with anemia admitted to Xinyang Central Hospital from January to December 2020,including 30 cases with iron deficiency anemia and 30 cases with thalassemia,and divided them into iron deficiency anemia group and thalassemia group respectively.The paper chose 30 healthy people admitted to the hospital for physical examination at the same time as control group.RBC peripheral blood red blood cell count,Hb hemoglobin,MCH mean red blood cell hemoglobin content,RDW red blood cell volume distribution width,MCV mean red blood cell volume and RBC/MCV ratio in blood test of three groups was compared.Results Levels of RBC and RDW of patients with iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia were higher than control group,levels of Hb,MCH and MCV were lower than control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).RBC/MCV value of patients with iron deficiency anemia was lower than control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in MCV between thalassemia patients and iron deficiency anemia patients(P>0.05),but there were significant difference in RBC,MCH,Hb and RBC/MCV values,which were higher in thalassemia group(P<0.05);diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of combined detection of RBC,MCH,Hb,RDW and MCV values in blood routine in anemia were higher than single blood routine detection of RBC,MCH,Hb,RDW and MCV values(P<0.05).Conclusion Blood test diagnose can accurately identify anemia type of anemia patients,provide effective reference for clinical treatment,which has high application value.