试论阳气在《伤寒论》中的重要性

Discussion on the importance of Yangqi in Shanghan Lun

东汉末年张机(字仲景)所著的《伤寒论》是中国中医药学典籍之瑰宝。时至千年后的今天,其书的思想精髓对现代病证的治疗依然具有重大参考价值。《伤寒论》记载了大量外感伤寒病证和疑难杂病的治疗方法。此书在阴阳学说理论影响下著成,张机将病证分为六类:太阳、阳明、少阳、太阴、厥阴、少阴,即著名的“六经”辨证。针对不同患者、不同病证采取不同的治疗方法,无一不通过“六经”辨证。文章认为《伤寒论》中的阴阳辨证思想当中尤其重视阳的作用,认为阳气的盛衰决定疾病的顺逆,关系人的生死。文章重点论述阳气对于人体的重要性、阳气作为六经辨证的关键因素,以及《伤寒论》中体现出的“扶阳思想”。

ZHANG Ji’s book Shanghan Lun(《伤寒论》)in the Late Eastern Han Dynasty is the treasure of TCM classics.Today,two thousand years later,the ideological essence of the book is still of great reference value for the treatment of modern diseases.Shanghan Lun recorded a large number of typhoid diseases and treatment methods.The book was written under the influence of the Yin(阴)and Yang(阳)theory.ZHANG Ji divided the diseases into six categories:Taiyang(太阳),Yangming(阴明),Shaoyang(少阳),Tangyin(太阴),queyin(厥阴)and Shaoyin(少阴),namely the famous six-meridian syndrome differentiation.This article discusses the importance of Yangqi(阳气)to the human body,Yangqi as a key factor in the syndrome differentiation of six meridians and the thought of supporting Yang embodied in Shanghan Lun,aiming to express the important position of Yangqi in Shanghan Lun.