水飞蓟宾防治糖尿病及其并发症的作用机制研究进展

Research progress on the mechanism of silibinin in preventing and treating diabetes and its complications

水飞蓟宾是从菊科植物水飞蓟的干燥成熟果实中提取的一种类黄酮,具有多种药理活性,能有效防治糖尿病及其各种并发症。本文对水飞蓟宾防治糖尿病及其并发症的作用机制的研究进展进行综述,发现其能通过上调雌激素受体α表达、激活十二指肠-脑-肝轴通路、稳定蛋白质结构来防治糖尿病;通过激活胰高血糖素样肽-1受体/蛋白激酶A信号通路、抑制tau蛋白过度磷酸化来防治糖尿病神经系统病变;通过下调促炎症、促氧化因子和组蛋白脱乙酰基酶6的表达和活性来防治糖尿病视网膜病变;通过激活蛋白激酶B信号通路和降低转化生长因子β1水平来防治糖尿病肾病;通过抑制肝脏脂质摄取转运体CD36表达和抑制核因子κB通路及其下游促炎细胞因子(肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素1β)表达来防治糖尿病性肥胖,等等。

Silibinin is a kind of flavonoid extracted from the dried ripe fruit of Silybum marianum,a plant of compositae.It has a variety of pharmacological activities and can effectively prevent and treat diabetes and its complications.This paper reviews the research progress on the mechanism of silibinin in the prevention and treatment of diabetes and its complications.It is found that silibinin can prevent and treat diabetes by up-regulating the expression of estrogen receptor-α,activating the duodenum-brain-liver axis pathway and stabilizing the protein structure.It can prevent and cure the nervous system diseases of diabetes by activating glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor/protein kinase A signal pathway and inhibiting the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein.It can prevent and treat diabetic retinopathy by down-regulating the expression and activity of pro-inflammatory,pro-oxidative factors and histone deacetylase 6.It can prevent diabetic nephropathy by activating protein kinase B signal pathway and reducing the level of transforming growth factor-β1,and prevent and treat diabete’s obesity by inhibition of hepatobiliary transporter CD36 expression,and suppressing nuclear factor-κB pathway and its downstream expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines(tumor necrosis factor-αand interleukin-1β),etc.