膜翅目昆虫蜇伤免疫治疗的研究进展

Reseach Advances in Immunotherapy for Hymenoptera Insect Sting

膜翅目昆虫是一类可以蜇伤人类并分泌毒液的昆虫,包括蜜蜂、大黄蜂、胡蜂、黄蜂和火蚁等。较多人都有被膜翅目昆虫蜇伤的经历,严重者因对其毒液产生全身过敏反应而危及生命。毒液免疫疗法至今已有40余年历史,疗效显著。然而许多被膜翅目昆虫蜇伤后出现过敏反应的患者未进行风险评估,也未接受毒液免疫治疗,失去了挽救生命的机会。本文就目前膜翅目昆虫蜇伤免疫治疗的作用机制、适应证及效果作一简要综述。

Hymenoptera insects can sting humans and secrete venom,including bees,bumblebees,wasps and fire ants.Many people have been stung by Hymenoptera insects,and the serious ones are life-threatening due to systemic allergic reaction to their venom.Venom immunotherapy has a history of more than 40 years and has a remarkable curative effect.However,many patients who got allergic reactions induced by Hymenoptera insects were not carry out risk assessment and accepted venom immunotherapy,thus losing the opportunity to save lives.This paper briefly reviews the mechanism,indication and effect of immunotherapy for Hymenoptera stings.