基于RS和GIS的生态环境状况时空变化研究--以河南省为例

Research on Spatiotemporal Changes of Ecological Environment Based on RS and GIS—A Case Study of Henan Province

生态环境状况评价是资源合理利用、制定社会经济发展规划及生态环境保护对策的重要依据。现以河南省行政区为研究区域,基于遥感影像、水资源及环境统计数据,采用生态环境状况指数(EI)和空间格局分析方法,综合对比分析河南省2014—2018年生态环境状况时空变化及其冷热点空间分布。研究结果表明:(1)2014—2018年河南省EI值变化范围为60.6~63.5,生态环境状况整体呈现稳中趋好态势,除开封市和济源市外,16个省辖市的EI值均有所增加,位于西部山区丘陵地带的三门峡、洛阳和平顶山市EI值增加明显。(2)2014—2018年河南省生态环境的G*i指数的高值区域位于西部地区的三门峡市和洛阳市,且5年内没有发生变化,较为稳定。G*i指数的高、低值区域与EI值的高值和低值区表现出较高的一致性。

The evaluation of ecological environment is an important basis for the rational utilization of resources,the formulation of social and economic development plans and the countermeasures of ecological environment protection.Taking the administrative region of Henan Province as the research area,based on remote sensing images,water resources and environmental statistics,this paper comprehensively compares and analyzes the temporal and spatial changes of ecological environment and the spatial distribution of cold and hot spots in Henan Province from 2014 to 2018 by using the ecological environment index(EI)and spatial pattern analysis method.The results show that:(1)the variation range of EI value in Henan Province from 2014 to 2018 is 60.6~63.5,which shows a steady and improving trend.Except Kaifeng City and Jiyuan City,the EI values of 16 provincial cities have increased,and the EI values of Sanmenxia,Luoyang and Pingdingshan cities located in the western mountainous and hilly areas have increased significantly.(2)The hot spots of ecological environment in Henan Province from 2014 to 2018 were located in Sanmenxia City and Luoyang City in the western region,and there was no change in five years,which was relatively stable.The cold hot spot area shows high consistency with the high value and low value area of EI value.