马克思“唯物”主义概念的哲学蠡测

A Philosophical Survey of Marx’s Concept of“Materialism”

马克思唯物主义是基于人劳动实践之对象化的整体性、总括性、广义性的历史概念,而这一概念遭受单义性降维理解却是时有之事。马克思唯物主义概念不是从存在和思维的“第一性”或“决定论”出发,而是为历史批判所把握的人劳动实践之对象化生成的“物”,即扬弃了唯心主义物质观和“从前的一切唯物主义”物质观的片面性后,通过对社会定在的历史内涵复义式规定之内涵隐喻和术语借喻,并经过“物质总体论”与“经济基础论”的两次逻辑转义后,主体和客体都被纳入同类化意义上的历史实践范畴,这就是马克思“唯物”主义概念。

Marxist materialism is a historical concept based on the objectification of human labor practice,which is holistic,comprehensive and broad.However,it is not uncommon for this concept to suffer from the reduction of dimension due to its single meaning.The concept of Marxist materialism does not start from the“primacy”or“determinism”of existence and thinking,but is the“thing”generated by the objectification of human labor practice,which is grasped by historical criticism.That is,after sublating the one-sided materialistic view of idealism and the materialistic view of“all previous materialism”,through the connotation metaphor and term metonymy of the historical connotation of social orientation,and after two logical transformations of“material totality”and“economic basis”,both subject and object are included in the historical practice category in the sense of homogenization,which is Marx’s“Materialism”.