城市网络演化的外部性效应研究框架及重庆实践

Externality Effect Research Framework of Urban Network Evolution and Chongqing Practice

文章从城市网络的地域临近作用和功能联系作用视角出发,将其分为规模和功能两种类型,构建了“空间表征—竞合测度—外部性效应”的研究框架,对重庆市开展城市网络外部性分析研究。研究发现:城市规模网络和城市功能网络两者形成纵向等级化和横向扁平化的区域协作态势,与当前重庆市的区域城市关系一致,但城市规模网络和城市功能网络对城市发展影响各不相同。从城市合作角度看,前者需要适度的城市合作,而后者需要加强城市合作,才能更好地推动区域协调发展。从城市竞争角度看,前者进一步推动了公共服务设施配置的增加,但由此引起城市规模不断扩大,降低了人口增长和资产投资速度;后者推动了资产投资和人口快速增长,减少了与产业发展不甚紧密的公共设施建设。因此,文章建议重庆市各区县发展应将规模和功能结合进行考虑,以避免规模不经济制约或功能发展不健全等问题的出现,并由此推动城市网络系统性和整体性研究,使其真正服务于区域整体和个体发展。

From the perspective of geographical proximity and functional linkage in urban network,this paper divides urban networks into two types:urban scale network and urban function network,and constructs a research framework of"spatial representationcompetition measurement-external effects".The paper studies the externality of urban network in Chongqing,and finds that the urban network promotes the formation of a regional cooperation of vertical hierarchy and horizontal flattening,which conforms to the regional strategy of Chongqing.The research shows that the urban scale network and urban function network have different influences on urban cooperation and competition.From the perspective of urban cooperation,the former requires moderate urban cooperation,while the latter requires strengthening urban cooperation.From the perspective of urban competition,the former promotes an increase of public service facilities,but reduces the population growth and asset investment;the latter promotes rapid growth of investment and population,but weakens the construction of public facilities.Therefore,this paper suggests that Chongqing shall integrate scale and function in urban development to avoid problems such as scale weakness or unsound function development.It is suggested the systematic and holistic research of urban networks shall be carried out to serve regional development.