高校教师线上教学心理适应调查与对策

Investigation and Countermeasures for Online Teaching Psychological Adaptation of University Teachers

通过研制具有较高信效度的高校教师线上教学心理适应调查量表,对全国多所高校2197名高校教师进行网上调查。结果表明,线上教学一开始就基本适应的教师占37.55%,一个月后由不适应转为适应者占41.21%;开始不适应者占16.21%,一个月后仍不适应者占5.04%。在性别上存在两种显著差异,一是开始阶段适应者,男显著多于女,男教师占44.53%,女教师占32.54%;二是开始不适应一个月后适应者,女显著多于男,女教师占45.92%,男教师占34.62%。总体看,73%~83%的高校教师对线上教学具有积极情绪体验。建议高校教务处与二级学院设置线上网课心理适应“研导组”,及时开展线上授课交流,增强线上网络教学积极心态,加强教师之间、师生之间线上教学交流活动,不断提升线上教学水平与质量。高校应当把高质量提升线上教育教学水平作为重要课题加以研究,培养“线上优秀”教师,成为引领线上教育教学的示范性阵地。

This study was conducted to determine the level of psychological adaptation of uni⁃versity teachers to online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic.2197 teachers from differ⁃ent universities across China participated in the study.Results showed that 37.55%of the par⁃ticipants had adapted well to online teaching since its introduction as an alternative teaching method.Of those who were initially uncomfortable with online teaching,41.21%gradually adapted after one month,while 5.04%had still not adapted after one month.Gender differenc⁃es in adaptation were also observed,with a significantly higher rate of male teachers quickly adjusting to online teaching at the beginning compared to female teachers(44.53%and 32.54%,respectively).However,the number of female teachers who started to adapt after one month was significantly higher than their male counterparts(45.92%and 34.62%,respective⁃ly).Based on these findings,it is recommended that academic services and related depart⁃ments or institutes establish a research team on psychological adaptation to web-based teach⁃ing,promote positive attitudes towards online teaching,strengthen interactions between teach⁃ers and students,and continuously improve the quality of online teaching.The study high⁃lights the importance of universities leading and modeling online teaching through research on quality improvement,training excellent teachers as social media celebrities,and integrating web-based and face-to-face teaching to achieve the ultimate educational goal.