论公民的法律利用在法律实现中的作用

On The Role of Citizens’Legal Utilization in the Realization of Law

法律实现的手段可以包括两种,一种是国家机关主导的刑罚或行政手段,另一种是基于私人主导权的其他手段。长期以来,我国的法律建设一直由政府主导,具有较强的法律家长主义色彩,缺乏对发挥公民在法律实现中作用的重视。因此,在溯源公民法律利用的思想的基础上梳理出公民法律意识的四种类型:敬畏法律、利用法律、漠视法律、反抗法律,据此分析公民法律利用的影响因素;并从法治教育、法律援助和行政诉讼对私人诉讼的援助的实践中观测出我国公民法律利用的现状,总结提升公民法律利用能力和完善促进公民法律利用的路径。

The means of legal realization includes two kinds.One is the penalty or administrative means led by the state organs,and the other is other means based on private dominance.For a long time,China’s legal construction has been dominated by the government,with strong legal paternalism color,and lack of attention to the role of citizens in the realization of law.Therefore,on the basis of tracing back to the thought of citizens’legal utilization,four types of citizens’legal consciousness are sorted out:respecting the law,using the law,ignoring the law,resisting the law,and analyzing the influencing factors of citizens’legal utilization.And from the practice of legal education,legal aid and administrative litigation assistance to private litigation,we can observe the current situation of citizens’legal use in China,and summarize the ways to improve citizens’legal use ability and improve the promotion of citizens’legal use.