以区域高等教育发展破解产业与人才之间的循环困境--基于2005-2020年省级面板数据的实证分析

Breaking the Cycle Dilemma between Industry and Talents through Developing Regional Higher Education:Empirical Analysis Based on Provincial Panel Data from 2005-2020

产业是区域经济发展的主引擎,人才是第一资源,建设现代化产业体系要求促进产业与人才的良性循环互动。部分地区“人才引育难”与“产业培育难”之间存在消极动态关联,这与区域高等教育发展不充分的问题高度相关。本文基于2005—2020年的省级面板数据,实证检验高等教育在产业与人才互动关系中起到的交互效应,以及高等教育对产业与人才耦合协调度的影响,主要发现:地区“产业”与“人才”两个子系统之间存在双向为正的循环互动,高等教育规模在产业发展水平与人才要素水平之间的双向影响中起到显著为正的交互效应;高等教育的规模、层级结构均对人才与产业耦合协调度具有显著负效应,但规模与层次结构彼此起到显著为正的调节作用,故区域高等教育发挥正效应以“较大规模且较高层次”为条件。以高等教育发展破解地区产业与人才之间的循环困境,须要进一步抬升高等教育在各省域社会经济发展格局中的战略定位,在遵循需求与条件相结合的刚性约束机制的基础之上,通过补齐不同区域的高等教育发展短板完善“三螺旋”创新机制,进而推动产业和人才的耦合协调发展。

While industry is the main engine of regional economic development and talent is the first resource,the construction of modern industrial system requires promoting the benign cycle of interaction between industry and talent.In some regions,there is a negative dynamic correlation between“difficulty in attracting and nurturing talents”and“difficulty in nurturing industries”,which is highly related to the problem of inadequate development of regional higher education.Based on the provincial level panel data from 2005 to 2020,this paper empirically examines the interaction effect of higher education in the relationship between industry and talent and the influence of higher education on the coordination degree of industry-talent coupling.The main findings are:There was a two-way positive interaction between the two subsystems of“industry”and“talent”,and the scale of higher education played a significantly positive interaction effect in the two-way influence between the level of industrial development and the level of talent factors.The scale and hierarchical structure of higher education had significant negative effects on the coupling coordination degree of talent and industry,but the scale and hierarchical structure both played significant positive moderating effects on each other,so the positive effect of regional higher education was conditioned by“larger scale and higher level”.To break the cycle dilemma between regional industries and talents by higher education development,it is necessary to further enhance the strategic positioning of higher education in the socio-economic development pattern of each province and region,and improve the“triple helix”innovation mechanism by making up the shortcomings of higher education development in different regions on the basis of the rigid constraint mechanism combining demand and conditions,in order to promote the coupled and coordinated development of industries and talents.