基于多因素探讨的终端农业水价模型研究

Research on Terminal Agricultural Water Price Model Based on Multi-Factor Discussion

近年来随着农业水价综合改革的不断深入,各地区均取得一些令人瞩目的成果。水价改革的关键在于构建科学合理的农业水价形成机制。在深入分析农业水价影响因素后,认为水资源禀赋条件、用户承受能力、供水成本以及成本水价的合理分摊是影响终端农业水价构成的关键因素,为获得更加合理的终端水价,笔者将上述因素纳入计算模型中对终端水价进行了修正。在此基础上,以某县农业水价综合改革试点为例,实例测算了试点区终端运行成本水价、全成本水价及两部制水价。与现状灌溉水价相比,不同年型下计算所得终端水价均高于现状,考虑在试点改革初期,建议可先将供水价格提高到运行成本水平,以保证水利工程正常运行所需的合理经费,后期随着农业水价综合改革的不断深入,再逐步将供水价格标准提升至全成本水平,从而更好地发挥价格机制的经济杠杆作用。

In recent years,as the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price continuously deepens,regions have made some remarkable achievements.The key to the reform of the water price is to build a scientific and reasonable formation mechanism for agricultural water price.After deeply analyzing the influencing factors of agricultural water price,this paper summarizes that the endowment condition of water resources,the affordability of users,the cost of water supply,and the reasonable allocation of cost water price are the key factors affecting the composition of terminal agricultural water price.In order to obtain a more reasonable terminal water price,the authors incorporate the above factors into the calculation model and modify the terminal water price.On this basis,with the comprehensive reform pilot of agricultural water price in a county as an example,the terminal operating cost water price,full cost water price,and two-part water price in the pilot area are calculated.Compared with the current irrigation water price,the terminal water price calculated under different years is higher than the current price.Since the pilot area is in the early stage of reform,the authors propose that the water supply price can be raised to the operating cost price,so as to ensure the reasonable funds required for the normal operation of water conservancy projects.In the later stage,as the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price continuously deepens,the water supply price can be gradually raised to the full cost price,so as to give better play to the economic leverage role of the price mechanism.