繁简分流视域下民事审前程序现状检视及完善

Review and Perfection of the Current Situation of Civil Pre-trial Procedure from the Perspective of Diversion of Complications and Simplifications

民事审前程序是从立案之后到正式庭审之前,具有梳理争点、固定证据、促进和解等功能的程序。审前程序与繁简分流具有高度同质性,且审前程序在促进简案快审、繁案精审方面发挥着重要作用。为更好地发挥审前程序之庭审准备和繁简分流的应然功能,理应对其程序规则作系统研究。完善诉答程序以及举证期限的配套惩罚措施,设立针对审前会议阶段的和解、调解程序,借鉴美国审前程序中的“不应诉判决”“审理前裁定”等有益经验,设置专门的法官处理审前程序等举措是系统构建审前程序的可行出路。

The civil pretrial procedure is a procedure that has the functions of sorting out contentious points,fixing evidence and promoting reconciliation from the filing of a case to the formal trial.The pretrial procedure is highly homogeneous with the diversion of complex and simple cases,and it plays an important role in promoting the rapid trial of simple cases and the fine trial of complex cases.In order to give full play to the proper functions of the pretrial procedure of trial preparation and the separation of complexity and simplicity,it is necessary to make a systematic study of its procedural rules.It is a feasible way to systematically construct the pretrial procedure to improve the litigation and response procedures and the supporting punishment measures for the period of adducing evidence,set up the reconciliation and mediation procedures for the pretrial meeting stage,learn from the beneficial experience of the United States pretrial procedure such as"no response judgment"and"pretrial ruling",and set up special judges to deal with the pretrial procedure and other measures.