喀斯特地区不同青贮玉米品种的综合评价

Evaluation of different silage maize varieties in karst regions

本研究旨在对比分析不同青贮玉米(Zea mays)品种在喀斯特地区种植的生产性能、农艺性状及营养品质,以期筛选出适宜喀斯特地区种植的青贮玉米品种。试验采用完全随机区组设计,根据土壤肥沃分为3个区组,每个区组内种植6个玉米品种(‘曲辰11号’、‘筑青1号’、‘金玉908’、‘金玉818’、‘禾玉9566’和‘黔青446’)。结果表明,鲜草产量最高为‘金玉818’,达60.22 t·hm^(-2);各参试品种的风干物质含量均在35%~44.5%,穗比重均高于茎比重和叶比重,穗位高表现趋势与株高较为一致,株高最高的是‘筑青1号’(325.44 cm),其次为‘金玉908’(291.38 cm)和‘金玉818’(290.57 cm);营养品质测定结果显示,‘金玉818’、‘禾玉9566’和‘金玉908’在CP含量以及ADF含量均达到国家一级青贮玉米标准;应用灰色关联度分析各参试品种的优劣依次为‘金玉818’>‘筑青1号’>‘禾玉9566’>‘黔青446’>‘金玉908’>‘曲辰11号’。综合评价发现,‘金玉818’产量最高、农艺性状优异、营养品质较高,最适宜在喀斯特地区作为青贮玉米推广种植。

The purpose of this study was to select silage maize species suitable for planting in karst regions by investigating the growth performance,agronomic traits,and nutritional quality of different silage maize.A randomized block design experiment with three blocks was conducted,and each block contained six maize species,namely‘Quchen No.11’,‘Zhuqing No.1’,‘Jinyu 908’,‘Jinyu 818’,‘Heyu 9566’,and‘Qianqing 446’.The results have shown that‘Jinyu 818’yielded the highest fresh grass of up to 60.22 t·hm^(-2).The air-dried matter content for all the species ranged from 35%to 44.5%,and the specific gravity of the ear was higher than that of the stem and leaf.The spike height was almost the same as the stem height.The tallest plant height was recorded for‘Zhuqing No.1’(325.44 cm),followed by‘Jinyu 908’(291.38 cm)and‘Jinyu 818’(290.57 cm).According to evaluation of nutritional qualities,CP contents and ADF contents of‘Jinyu 818’,‘Heyu 9566’and‘Jinyu 908’met the requirements of the national standard for first-class silage maize.Grey correlation degree analysis was used to estimate the values for silaging.The results have shown that the silaging value for‘Jinyu 818’was the highest,followed by‘Zhuqing No.1’,‘Heyu 9566’,‘Qianqing 446’,‘Jinyu 908’,and‘Quchen No.11’,in that order.In conclusion,‘Jinyu 818’is the most suitable species for karst regions,due to its high yield,excellent agronomic traits,and high nutritional values.