可重构多维度探测微波光子雷达

Reconfigurable microwave photonic radar for multi-dimensional detection

随着“太空经济”时代的到来,大国间的太空竞争也愈发激烈,对星载雷达探测系统的测量精度和多维度目标参数测量提出了更高要求。现有的星载雷达系统主要采用传统微波技术实现,面临电子器件速率低、工作带宽小、可重构性差等问题,这些问题越来越成为限制星载雷达系统进一步发展的瓶颈。将微波光子技术引入雷达系统可利用光子技术高频率、大带宽、可重构的特点有效克服电子技术的局限性,突破雷达技术瓶颈。阐述了可重构多维度目标探测微波光子雷达的特点和基本结构,介绍了多维度目标参数测量和雷达波形可重构的原理与方法,并对星载微波光子雷达的发展趋势和特殊应用环境需要考虑的问题进行了论述。随着微波光子雷达技术研究的不断深入和光电集成技术的迅速发展,微波光子雷达有望在未来星载雷达系统中得到大规模应用。

With the advent of the era of“space economy”,space competition among major powers has become increasingly fierce,which puts forward higher requirements for the measurement accuracy and multi-dimensional target parameter measurement of spaceborne radar systems.Existing spaceborne radar systems are mainly implemented by conventional microwave technology,facing problems such as low speed of electronic devices,small operating bandwidth,poor reconfigurability,etc.These problems have increasingly become the bottleneck that limits the further development of spaceborne radar systems.The introduction of microwave photonic technology into radar systems can effectively overcome the limitations of electronic technology and break through the bottleneck of radar technology by using the characteristics of high frequency,large bandwidth and reconfiguration of photonic technology.This paper expounds on the characteristics and basic structure of reconfigurable microwave photonic radars for multi-dimensional detection,introduces the principle and method of multi-dimensional target parameter measurement and radar waveform reconfiguration,and discuss the development trend of spaceborne microwave photonic radar and issues to be considered in special application environments.With the development of microwave photonic radar technology and optoelectronic integration technology,microwave photonic radar is expected to be widely used in the future spaceborne radar system.