社会嵌入视角下农户对气象灾害适应行为研究

Farmers’Adaptative Behaviors to Weather Disasters from Social Embedding Perspective

【目的】在新经济社会学中的社会嵌入理论基础上,从“经济社会人”视角构建农户气象灾害适应行为影响因素框架,探讨社会嵌入对农户气象灾害适应行为的影响。【方法】采用层次分析法、熵权法、多元线性回归模型分析社会嵌入因素与农户个体因素对农户气象灾害适应行为的影响。【结果】自主因素中,农户个体特征与家庭特征均未通过显著性水平,但其回归系数均为正值。社会嵌入因素中,政府嵌入与认知嵌入均显著影响农户气象灾害适应行为,表明随着嵌入水平的加深,其气象灾害适应行为水平也越高;关系嵌入回归系数非负,但并不显著。【结论】农户气象灾害适应行为水平的提升需从引导、农户自身认知、精英群体示范性作用三维度出发:第一,加强适应行为决策引导,鼓励农户实施适应行为决策;第二,加强宣传与培训力度,普及农户适应行为决策认知;第三,搭建农户交流平台,发挥乡村精英群体示范性作用。

[Objective]Based on the theory of social embeddedness in the new economic sociology,this paper constructed a framework of influencing factors of farmers’adaptative behaviors to meteorological disasters from the perspective of“economic and social man”,and discussed the impact of social embeddedness on farmers’adaptative behaviors to meteorological disasters.[Method]The effects of social embedded factors and individual factors of farmers on the adaptive behaviors of farmers to meteorological disasters were analyzed by using the analytic hierarchy process,entropy weight method and multiple linear regression model.[Result]Among the independent factors,the individual characteristics and family characteristics of farmers did not show the significant level,but their regression coefficients were positive.Among the social embeddedness factors,both the government embeddedness and cognitive embeddedness significantly affected farmers’adaptative behaviors to meteorological disasters,indicating that the deeper the embeddedness level was the higher their adaptative behavior level to the meteorological disasters.Also,the regression coefficient of the correlation embedding was not negative,though not significant.[Conclusion]The improvement of farmers’adaptive behaviors to meteorological disasters needs to start from the three dimensions of guidance,farmers’own cognition,and the exemplary role of elite groups illustrated as follows:First,to strengthen the guidance of adaptive behavior decision-making,and to encourage farmers to implement adaptive behavior decision-making;Second,to strengthen the publicity and training so as to popularize farmers’awareness of adaptive behavior decision-making;Third,to build a platform for farmers to exchange information so as to give play to the exemplary role of rural elite groups.