考虑工序复杂性和员工差异的成组产品并行生产线平衡优化

Balancing optimization of parallel production lines for group products considering process complexity and employee variance

针对具有产品关联性的成组产品并行生产线平衡优化问题,采用分阶段研究思路,先后考虑工序复杂性与员工技能水平差异,提出工序与员工分配优化方案。首先以工序优先关系和设备属性为约束,以生产节拍、时间均衡指数和复杂性平滑系数为优化目标建立优化模型,将工序合理分配于工位中。然后根据成组产品特性和各工位技能需求建立员工指派模型,将不同技能员工与工位匹配,减少并行生产线之间节拍差异,实现成组产品的均衡生产。采用遗传算法和拟退火算法分别求解工序分配问题和员工指派问题,并结合实例验证了优化思路与方法的有效性。

Aiming at the balance optimization problem of group product parallel production line with product correlation,a phased research idea was adopted to propose an optimization scheme for process and employee assignment by successively considering process complexity and employee skill level differences.First,by taking the process precedence relation and equipment attributes as the constraints and the production cycle time,time balance index and complexity smoothing coefficient as the optimization objectives,the optimization model was established,so that the processes can be reasonably allocated to the workstations.Then,according to the characteristics of group products and the skill requirements of each workstation,the employee assignment model was established to match employees with different skills to workstations,so as to reduce the difference in the beat between parallel production lines and achieve balanced production of group products.Genetic algorithm and quasi�annealing algorithm were used to solve the process assignment problem and the employee assignment problem respectively,and the effectiveness of the optimization idea and method was verified with the example.