佛山咏春拳教育传承模式变迁研究

Research on the development of Foshan Wing Chun education inheritance mode

自清代以来,佛山咏春拳的教育传承主要经历了四种模式。清代中后期,粤剧表演与咏春拳传承关系密切,戏班教育传承是主要模式。民国时期,随着社会变迁和咏春拳在社会上的广泛传播,佛山城内以武馆教育传承为主,乡村则以家族教育传承为主。新中国成立后到改革开放前,城市内的咏春拳教育式微,乡村的家族教育传承成为主要模式。改革开放后,武馆教育传承和学校教育传承成为最主要的两种模式。对教育传承模式变迁历程的考察,能够为当前更好地推行佛山咏春拳教育传承带来有益启示,包括要注重激发潜在咏春拳习练人群的动力,探索不同教育传承模式之间的融合机制等。

Since the Qing Dynasty,the educational inheritance of Foshan Wing Chun has experienced four modes.In the middle and late Qing Dynasty,the performance of Cantonese opera was closely related to the inheritance of Wing Chun,and the inheritance of opera troupe education was the main mode.During the period of the Republic of China,with the social development;and the wide spread of Wing Chun in the society,the inheritance of martial arts school education was mainly in Foshan city,and the inheritance of family education was mainly in the countryside.After the founding of the People’s Republic of China and before the reform and opening up,due to the influence of politics and society,the education of Wing Chun in cities has declined,and the family education inheritance in rural areas has become the main mode.After the reform and opening up,the inheritance of martial arts school education and school education are the two main modes at present.Through the investigation of the evolution of the models of education inheritance,it will bring beneficial enlightenment for the current better implementation of Foshan Wing Chun education inheritance,including stimulating the motivation of potential Wing Chun practitioners,exploring the integration mechanism of different models of education inheritance.