马克思伦理思想何以作为一种“元伦理学”——兼论唯物史观展开的元伦理学问题

On Marx’s Ethical Thought as a“Meta Ethics”--Also on Metaethics Problem of the Development of Historical Materialism

对于马克思主义伦理学而言,“社会存在决定社会意识”不应被简单理解为一种功利主义原则,而是一个涉及“自然属性”与“道德属性”之间关系的元伦理学问题。运用元伦理学的分析方法研究这一问题,一方面揭示出马克思伦理思想作为一种“批判性伦理学”的方法论本质;另一方面也凸显出马克思伦理思想所追求的“道德客观性”主旨。在此意义上,对马克思伦理思想的研究乃是一种“元伦理学”。

As the basic principle of historical materialism,social existence determines social consciousness.In the study of Marx’s ethical thought,the problem of“how social existence determines moral consciousness”has been discussed.This problem involves the study of the relationship between“natural attribute”and“moral attribute”in meta ethics.On the one hand,it shows the methodological essence of the study of Marx’s ethical thought as a“critical ethics”.On the other hand,it also highlights the purport of“moral objectivity”pursued by Marx’s research institute of Ethical Thought.In this sense,the study of Marx’s ethical thought is a kind of“meta ethics”.