基于《人民日报》语料库的“积极防御” 语义凸显研究

A Study on the Semantic Prominence of “Jiji Fangyu”Based on the Corpus of People’s Daily

以《人民日报》七十余年语料为材料,考察“积极防御”的实际使用后发现,《人民日报》用以凸显“积极防御”语义的语言手段主要有三:(1)使用反义词项凸显焦点语义;(2)使用细化表述拓展基本语义;(3)使用显性评价作出概念申明。归纳“积极防御”语义内涵和外延的变与不变、相关语言形式的使用与分化,可以获知,该术语一方面语义有所丰富发展,另一方面固有、特有、中心的语义特征又维持稳定。

The paper examines the actual use of“Jiji Fangyu”(active defense)using the People’s Daily corpus which covers more than seventy years’publication.It is found that there are three main linguistic approaches applied to highlight the semantics of the term:(1)using antonymic terms to underline the focal meaning;(2)using refined expressions to expand the basic meaning;and(3)using explicit evaluation to make conceptual assertions.The article goes on to summarize the changes of the semantic connotations and extensions of“Jiji Fangyu”,as well as the usage and differentiation of related linguistic forms.It can be observed that the terminology is semantically enriched on the one hand,while the inherent,specific and central semantic features remain stable on the other hand.