1318例半月板损伤患者的流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of 1 318 patients with meniscus injury

目的:分析半月板损伤患者的流行病学特征,为临床诊疗提供理论依据。方法:纳入2012年1月至2022年9月因半月板损伤就诊的1 318例患者,进行流行病学特征分析。结果:1 318例半月板损伤患者,年龄为8~78岁,平均(37.8±11.8)岁;有明确半月板损伤史593例,男329例,女264例,男女之间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=19.779,P<0.001);半月板损伤部位以右膝半月板损伤常见,共646例,左膝次之,双膝均有损伤的人数最少。所有半月板损伤患者入院前病程平均为(17.6±36.4)个月;入院后选择手术治疗1 156例,手术率为87.7%。≤20岁和21~35岁患者的半月板损伤更倾向于体育运动和扭伤所致,36~50岁和≥51岁半月板损伤患者多无明显诱因。结论:约50%的半月板损伤患者有明确受伤史,其中男性多于女性;半月板损伤部位以右膝半月板损伤常见;半月板损伤患者的主要致伤原因随年龄段不同而有所不同,大多数患者选择手术治疗。

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of patients with meniscus injury and provide theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: Totally 1 318 patients with meniscus injury from January 2012 to September 2022 were included for epidemiological analysis. Results: Totally 1 318 patients with meniscus injury had an average age of(37.8±11.8) years(range, 8-78 years). There were 593 patients with definite history of meniscus injury including 329 men and 264 women and the difference between men and women was statistically significant(χ^(2)=19.779, P<0.001). The meniscus injury of the right knee was the most common, with 646 patients, followed by the left knee, and meniscus injury of both knees had the least number. The average duration of all patients with meniscus injury before admission was(17.6±36.4) months. After admission, 1 156 patients received surgical treatment, with an operation rate of 87.7%. The meniscus injury of patients no more than 20 years old and 21-35 years old was more likely to be caused by sports and sprain, while the meniscus injury of patients aged 36-50 years and no less than 51 years old had no obvious inducement. Conclusions: About 50% of patients with meniscus injury have a clear history of injury, of which men are more than women. The meniscus injury of the right knee is common. The main causes of meniscus injury vary with age, and most patients choose surgical treatment.