行动者网络理论对符号理据性的微观解释——城市形象认知的批判路径

A Micro-Explanation of Actor-Network Theory for Symbolic Motivation: Cognitive Critical Path of City Image Perception

人们习惯以符号把握事物的形象,城市形象即人们对于城市各类符号进行感知的结果。然而,人的惯性逻辑使之在看到城市中的各项元素时,本能地将这些符号的能指直接指向所指,而未仔细探究其中理据性的生成过程,进而造成城市形象认知的偏差。文章在符号学基础上,嵌入拉图尔的行动者网络理论,将行动者行动的过程视为符号理据性的生成过程,其中转译作为行动的关键机制,帮助完成了理据性的创造。符号学与行动者网络的结合,不仅对城市形象进行了更为客观的解释,同时对于一切主体的真实形象建构、呈现与认知,提供了更为扎实、可行的理论指导与实践批判路径。

People usually perceive the image of things with symbols, and the city image results from people’s perception of various city symbols. However, people’s inertial logic makes them instinctively point the signifiers of these symbols directly to the signified when they see various elements in the city without carefully exploring the generation process of motivation, which leads to the deviation of city image cognition. This paper embeds Latour’s Actor-Network Theory(ANT) on the basis of semiotics. It regards the process of actors’ action as the generation process of motivation, in which translation, as the critical mechanism of action, helps to complete the creation of motivation. The combination of semiotics and Actor-Network Theory provides a more objective interpretation of the city image and a more solid and feasible theoretical guidance and practical critical path for the construction, presentation, and cognition of the actual image of all subjects.