厌氧消化系统酸化预警及调控技术研究进展

Research progress of the early warning and regulation techniques for excessive acidification in the anaerobic digestion system

厌氧消化是有机废弃物资源化利用的重要技术之一,但在实际工程运行中,由于物料特性以及操作参数等因素变化,易引起有机酸累积,造成系统产气率下降,甚至酸化失败问题。本文在总结国内外研究进展的基础上,简述了酸累积的危害,剖析了引起酸化的主要原因,并分别从酸化预警、酸化调控两方面总结了厌氧系统在酸化前后所需采取的应对措施,建议进一步加强酸化预警指标体系的完善,突破环境耐受型微生物菌群驯化技术瓶颈,同时开展基于内源酸碱缓冲体系增强厌氧系统抗冲击性能方面的研究,以期为提高厌氧消化反应器的处理效率和运行稳定性提供参考。

Anaerobic digestion(AD) is an important technology for the resource utilization of organic wastes.However,the fluctuations in the waste characteristics and operating parameters during the actual engineering operation might cause the accumulation of volatile fatty acid(VFAs),thereupon,resulting in the depression of biogas production and even the failure of AD due to over acidification.Based on the review of research progress both at home and abroad,this study describes the mischiefs of VFAs accumulation briefly,dissects the major causes of acid accumulation,and summarizes the counter measures from the two aspects of early-warning monitoring and regulation means required before and after acidification,respectively.Hereon,the authors suggest further strengthening the perfection of earlywarning index system for the acidification during AD process,breaking through the bottlenecks of acclimation technology to obtain environment-tolerant type microbial flora,and researching the method based on endogenous acid-alkaline buffering system to reinforce the shock resistance of the AD reactor,attempting to provide some reference for enhancing the efficiency and stability of AD reactors in practice.