新型小型化顶驱关键技术研究与应用

Research and Application of Key Technology of New Intelligent Miniaturized Top Drive

随着页岩油气非常规资源勘探开发不断深入和智能钻井技术的不断发展,对钻井动力设备的要求越来越高,文章研发了适用于40钻机的新型小型化顶驱设备,对小尺寸顶驱主机设计、低故障率的电液控制系统设计、主轴旋转控制技术等关键技术开展了攻关与研究。首创采用单编码器双通道的控制方式,建立了矢量调速闭环控制模型,创新的设计了承载梁扶正机构新型提升系统,实现了顶驱小型化、扁平化的目标,减少了0.55 m的顶驱高度。通过在47口井的现场应用,验证了装备的可靠性。相比于常规钻机顶驱提高了约30%的钻完井综合作业效率,提高了40钻机作业能力,已成为大庆油田中浅层定向井、页岩油气藏水平井施工的重要钻井动力设备,具有较好的推广应用前景。

With the continuous deepening of exploration and development of unconventional shale oil and gas resources and the continuous development of intelligent drilling technology,the requirements for drilling equipment have become higher and higher.A new type of miniaturized top drive equipment suitable for 4 000 m drilling rigs has been developed,and key technologies such as the design of small top drive main body and electro-hydraulic control system with low failure rate,and the spindle rotation control technology have been researched.The single-encoder dual-channel control mode is adopted for the first time,the vector speed control closed-loop control model is established,and the new lifting system of the bearing beam centering mechanism is innovatively designed,the goal of miniaturization and flattening of the top drive is realized,the top drive height is reduced by 0.55 m.Through field application in 47 wells,the reliability of the equipment has been verified.Compared with top drive of conventional drilling rig,it has improved the comprehensive operation efficiency of drilling and completion by about 30%.It has become an important drilling power equipment for the construction of shallow and medium-layer directional wells and horizontal wells in shale oil and gas reservoirs in Daqing Oilfield,and has a good promotion and application prospect.