基于指纹图谱结合化学计量学的车前草与车前子药材质量评价研究

Study on quality evaluation of Plantaginis herba and Plantaginis semen based on fingerprints and chemical pattern recognition

目的 建立不同产地车前草和车前子药材的指纹图谱以及综合质量评价模型,为车前草和车前子药材的整体质量评价提供参考。方法 采用UPLC法测定不同产地14批车前草和12批车前子药材的指纹图谱,并对采集的指纹图谱信息进行独立样本t检验以及化学计量学模式研究(HCA、PCA、PLS-DA);同时测定各批次药材的水分、总灰分、酸不溶性灰分、浸出物、膨胀度,使用熵权法计算组合权重,运用加权逼近理想解排序法(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution,TOPSIS)、加权秩和比法(rank sum ratio,RSR)及两者模糊联合的方法构建评价模型。结果 建立的车前子与车前草药材指纹图谱共标定32个峰,其中车前草药材标定了22个共有峰,指认了其中4个峰,车前子药材标定了25个共有峰,指认了其中6个峰。独立样本t检验及化学计量学模式研究显示不同产地车前草和车前子存在明显差异。PLS-DA从车前草药材中提取出12个差异性成分,从车前子药材中提取出14个差异性成分。构建的熵权TOPSIS法、RSR法以及两者模糊联合的综合质量评价模型,对不同产地车前草和车前子药材的质量评价排序结果较为一致。结论 本研究建立的指纹图谱可为车前草和车前子的专属性鉴别以及产地区分提供一定参考,建立的综合质量评价模型的分析结果客观、科学、准确,可用于车前草和车前子药材质量的综合评价。

Objective The fingerprints and comprehensive quality evaluation models of Plantaginis herba and Plantaginis semen from different origins were established to provide reference for the overall quality evaluation of Plantaginis herba and Plantaginis semen.Methods The fingerprints of 14 batches of Plantaginis Herba and 12batches of Plantaginis semen from different origins were determined by UPLC method,and the collected fingerprint information was tested by independent sample T-test and chemical pattern recognition(HCA,PCA,and PLS-DA).The total ash content,acid insoluble ash content,extracts,and swelling degree of each batch were determined,and the combination weight was calculated by the entropy method.The evaluation model was constructed by technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS),and the weighted rank sum ratio(RSR) and the fuzzy combination of the 2 methods.Results A total of 32 peaks were calibrated in the established fingerprint of Plantaginis herba and Plantaginis semen,among which 22 common peaks were calibrated and four of them were identified from Plantaginis herba,while 25 common peaks were calibrated and six of them were identified from Plantaginis semen.Independent sample T-test and chemometric pattern recognition research showed that there were obvious differences between Plantaginis herba and Plantaginis semen from different origins.PLS-DA extracted 6 different components from Plantaginis herba and 14 different components from Plantaginis semen.The entropy weight TOPSIS method,RSR method and their fuzzy combination comprehensive quality evaluation model showed that the sequencing results of quality evaluation for Plantaginis herba and Plantaginis semen from different origins were consistent.Conclusion The fingerprint established in this study can provide a reference for the specificity identification and origin identification of Plantaginis herba and Plantaginis semen.The analysis results of the established comprehensive quality evaluation model are objective,scientific and accurate,which can be used for evaluation of the quality of Plantaginis herba and Plantaginis semen.