高通量筛查和安全评估结合评价乳制品包装安全风险

High-throughput Screening and Risk Assessment to Evaluate Safety Risk of Dairy Product Package

目的以乳制品包装为研究对象,建立一套科学评价食品接触材料安全风险的方法,全面评价食品接触材料在接触食品过程中带来的食品安全风险。方法采用非靶向高通量筛查检测技术全面筛查食品模拟物中的重金属和有机物,根据权威数据库和物质毒理学资料进行危害评估,参考欧盟和美国膳食暴露量计算方法进行暴露评估,结合评估结果计算风险系数,最终表征食品接触材料的安全风险。结果抽取了市面上的塑料、金属、涂料及复合包装等不同材质的乳制品包装进行检测,检出铜、铬、锰和锡等元素,以及有意添加物(如单体、溶剂、抗氧剂、光引发剂、爽滑剂、增塑剂等)、非有意添加物质(如抗氧剂降解产物、寡聚物等)。采用暴露评估和危害评估方法分别表征检出物的膳食暴露和健康指导值,安全风险评估风险系数分布在0.007%~9.4%之间,安全风险较低。结论建立的食品接触材料安全评价方法是一种有效评价食品接触材料安全风险的方法,该方法具有一定的通用性,企业、行业和政府部门等可用于识别食品接触材料的安全风险,为减少和排除安全风险提供科学依据。

The work aims to take dairy product package as research object to establish a set of methods that can scientifically evaluate the safety risk of food contact materials and comprehensively evaluate the food safety risks caused by food contact materials in the process of contacting food.Non-targeted high-throughput screening detection technology was used to screen the heavy metals and organic compounds in food simulants.Hazard assessment was carried out according to authoritative databases and material toxicology data.Exposure assessment was conducted with reference to the dietary exposure calculation methods of the European Union and the United States and the risk coefficient was calculated in combination with the assessment results.Finally,the safety risk of food contact materials was characterized.Dairy product packages made of different materials such as plastic,metal,coating and composite materials on the market were selected for detection.Elements such as copper,chromium,manganese and tin,intentional additives such as monomers,solvents,antioxidants,photoinitiators,smoothing agents and plasticizers,and unintended additives such as antioxidant degradation products and oligomers were found through detection.The dietary exposure and health guidance values of the detected substances were characterized by exposure assessment and hazard assessment methods.The risk coefficient of safety risk assessment was 0.007%-9.4%,resulting in low safety risk.The safety assessment method of food contact materials established is an effective method to evaluate the safety risk of food contact materials.This method has certain universality,and can be used by enterprises,industries and government departments to identify the safety risk of food contact materials,and provide a scientific basis for reducing and eliminating the safety risk.