原发性肺动脉高压患者患病体验的质性研究

Qualitative study of the experience of patients with primary pulmonary hypertension

目的深入了解原发性肺动脉高压患者患病的真实感受,为医护人员制订优质的医疗和照护提供参考依据。方法采用质性研究中的现象学研究方法,选取2022年3月至6月心血管内科收治的符合要求的18例原发性肺动脉高压患者为研究对象,进行关于原发性肺动脉高压患者患病体验的面对面、半结构式访谈,并运用Colaizzi资料7步分析法进行资料的分析与整理。结果通过对原发性肺动脉高压患者的深入访谈和综合分析,分析得出原发性肺动脉高压患者患病体验的5个主题:躯体症状感知明显、生活质量受到影响、心理体验存在差异、疾病认知不足、症状管理能力缺乏。结论护理人员应建立完善的宣教体系,帮助患者加强症状管理水平,以控制疾病的进展;给予针对性的健康教育,以提高患者的生活质量;多方位系统支持,减轻心理和经济负担。

Objective Deeply understand the true feelings of patients with primary pulmonary hypertension,and provide reference basis for medical staff to develop high-quality medical care and care.Methods Using the phenomenological research method in qualitative research,18 patients with primary pulmonary hypertension who met the requirements in the Department of Cardiology from March to June 2022 were selected as the study subjects,and face-to-face and semi-structured interviews were conducted on the experience of patients with primary pulmonary hypertension,and the data were analyzed and sorted out using the Colaizzi data 7-step analysis method.Results Through in-depth interviews and comprehensive analysis of patients with primary pulmonary hypertension,five themes of the disease experience of patients with primary pulmonary hypertension were analyzed:obvious perception of physical symptoms,impact on quality of life,differences in psychological experience,insufficient cognition of disease,lack of symptom management ability.Conclusion Nurses should establish a perfect propaganda and education system to help patients strengthen the management of symptoms to control the progress of the disease,give targeted health education to improve the quality of life of patients,multi-directional system support to reduce psychological and economic burden.