澳大利亚虚拟电厂发展概况与经验启示

Development overview and experience enlightenment of virtual power plants in Australia

近年来,澳大利亚虚拟电厂蓬勃发展,项目规模不断扩大,被认为是澳大利亚国家电力市场未来能源结构的重要组成部分,其虚拟电厂发展经验对中国新型电力系统建设具有一定的借鉴意义。首先,从政策出台、机制设计、技术发展、试点示范等方面总结了澳大利亚虚拟电厂的发展经验。然后,具体分析了澳大利亚虚拟电厂参与电力现货市场、辅助服务市场的运行情况,并介绍了澳大利亚虚拟电厂示范项目建设背景、系统架构及运营收益。最后,结合中国国情,从机制设计、技术创新、试点示范等方面对中国建设虚拟电厂提供发展建议和参考经验。

For the past few years,virtual power plants in Australia have been booming,and the scale of the projects has been continuously expanding,which are considered to be an essential part of the energy structure of the Australian national electricity market in the future.The development experience of virtual power plants in Australia is referable for the construction of the new-type power system in China.In order to summarize and learn from the development experience of virtual power plants in Australia,this paper summarizes and analyzes the development status of virtual power plants in Australia from the aspects of policies,mechanism designs,technology development,and pilot demonstrations.Specifically,the operations of virtual power plants in the electricity spot markets and ancillary service markets are analyzed,and the background,system architecture,and operating revenues of virtual power plant demonstration projects are introduced.Also,considering the domestic situations in China,this paper gives development suggestions about mechanism designs,technology innovations,and pilot demonstrations for the construction of virtual power plants in China,which are expected to be referable for the development of virtual power plants in China.