畜禽养殖清洁生产的关键点与生态价值形成机制分析

Formation mechanism analysis of key points and ecological values of cleaner production about livestock and poultry breeding

实施清洁生产是防控畜禽养殖污染、实现畜禽养殖与生态环境保护协调发展的有效途径。本文在简析畜禽养殖清洁生产概念与关键点的基础上,分析了畜禽养殖清洁生产生态价值的形成机制。畜禽养殖清洁生产涉及源头预防、过程控制和末端治理三个阶段,包含养殖场舍规划、投入品采购、环境维护、疫病防治、粪污收储、养殖档案管理、粪污资源化利用和病死畜禽无害化处理共八个关键点。源头预防、过程控制和末端治理三个阶段生态效应的叠加合成与交互影响形成畜禽养殖清洁生产的生态价值,包括提供清洁畜产品、保护水质、保护大气、保护土壤、提高资源利用率和节约水源。为加快推进畜禽养殖清洁生产进而实现其生态价值,笔者提出以下政策建议:加强宣传引导,增强畜禽养殖清洁生产的认知水平;注重培训教育,增强畜禽养殖清洁生产的能力;大力培植树立先进典型,加快畜禽养殖清洁生产的进程;建立健全补偿制度,提高畜禽养殖清洁生产的积极性。

Clean production is an effective way to prevent and control pollution of Livestock and poultry breeding, and to realize the coordinated development of livestock and poultry breeding and ecological environment prevention. Based on a brief analysis of the concept and key points of cleaner production in livestock and poultry farming, this paper analyzed the formation mechanism of ecological value of cleaner production in livestock and poultry farming. Cleaner production of livestock and poultry farming involves three stages: root cause treatment, process control and end treatment, including eight key points: farm planning, input procurement, environmental maintenance, disease prevention and control, manure collection and storage, breeding archives management, manure recycling and harmless treatment of sick and dead livestock and poultry. The ecological value of clean production of livestock and poultry is formed by the combination and interaction of ecological effects in three stages: root cause treatment, process control and end treatment, including providing clean animal products, protecting water quality, protecting air, protecting soil, improving resource utilization rate and saving water. In order to accelerate the promotion of cleaner production of livestock and poultry breeding and realize its ecological value, the author put forward the following policy recommendations: strengthen the publicity and guidance and enhance the cognition level of cleaner production of livestock and poultry breeding;focus on training and education to enhance the capacity of livestock and poultry breeding clean production;vigorously cultivate and establish advanced models to speed up the process of livestock and poultry breeding clean production;establish and improve the compensation system to improve the enthusiasm of livestock and poultry breeding cleaner production.