RNA-Seq技术在牛羊产业相关领域中的应用研究进展

Progress in the application of RNA-Seq technology in cattle and sheep industry

随着转录组测序(transcriptome sequencing, RNA-Seq)技术的发展,研究人员能够更深层次地分析和探究RNA的结构与功能,进而揭示差异表达基因与生物体之间的联系。牛羊肉及其副产品作为人类主要蛋白质来源之一,已成为消费者喜欢的保健型肉食品,但受繁殖率、炎症等因素影响,其产量不高,因此,牛羊繁殖、肉品质、炎症等性状的遗传机制成为了研究焦点之一。在RNA-Seq技术未得到广泛应用前,主要利用传统的单链构象多态性(single-strand conformation polymorphism, SSCP)、微卫星标记、DNA重组等技术进行分子遗传机制研究,但均未解析相关性状的主效基因。近年来,RNA-Seq技术广泛应用于牛羊繁殖、肉品质、炎症等研究领域,并取得了一系列成果,加快了牛羊研究领域的发展。文章介绍了国内外RNA-Seq技术在牛羊相关研究领域的最新应用进展,旨在为后续牛羊及其他反刍动物相关性状的遗传机制研究提供参考资料。

In the development of transcriptome sequencing(RNA-Seq) technology, researchers are able to analyze and explore the structure and function of RNA at a deeper level, thus revealing the relationship between differentially expressed genes and organisms. As one of the main protein sources of human beings, beef, mutton and their by-products have become a health meat food favored by consumers. However, due to the influence of factors such as reproduction of rate and inflammation, its yield is not high. Therefore, the genetic mechanism of breeding, meat quality and inflammation of cattle and sheep has become one of the research focuses. Before RNA-Seq technology was fully applied, the molecular of genetic mechanism was mainly studied by traditional techniques such as single-strand conformation polymorphism(SSCP), microsatellite markers and DNA recombination, and the major genes of related traits were not analyzed. In recent years, the application of RNA-Seq technology in breeding, meat quality, inflammation and other fields of cattle and sheep has made a series of progress, speeding up the development of the field of cattle and sheep research. Therefore, this paper introduced the latest research progress of RNA-Seq technology in the field of cattle and sheep related research, aiming at providing reference for the subsequent research on the genetic mechanism of cattle, sheep and other ruminants related traits.