大庆油田采油工程降本增效设计与实践

Design and practice of cost reduction and efficiency increase in oil production engineering of Daqing Oilfield

大庆油田进入特高含水期,油田呈现出剩余油高度分散、低效无效水循环严重、开发储层条件变差等问题。作为油田开发的重要组成部分,采油工程相应也面临着单井产量低、能耗高、投资成本高等难题。为了提高采油工程整体经济效益,以降本增效为目标,通过设计思路和优化方法创新,研究形成了基于相控建模的压裂工艺优化、抽油机系统能耗预测方法和节能优选优化技术、抽油机井提高系统效率优化设计方法、老井措施工艺优化设计方法等组成的一系列采油工程优化设计方法。“十三五”期间,采油工程通过降本增效设计累计新建成产能约500万t,减少投资约9亿元,老井措施增油近400万t,系统效率提高2.2个百分点,在井数增加的情况下,能耗降低15.6%。

Daqing Oilfield has entered a period with extra-high water cut,and the oilfield has presented many problems such as highly dispersed remaining oil,serious inefficient and ineffective water circulation,and worsening reservoir conditions.As an important part of oilfield development,the oil production engineering is also facing with many difficulties,including low single well production,high energy consumption,and high investment cost.In order to improve the overall economic benefits of oil production engineering,aiming at reducing costs and increasing efficiency,through the innovation in design ideas and optimization methods,a series of design methods for optimizing oil production engineering were formed by continuous studies,and these methods are basically based on phase-controlled modeling technologies,such as fracturing process optimization,energy consumption prediction method of pumping unit system and energy-saving optimization technology,optimization design methods for improving system efficiency for rod-pumped wells,optimization design methods on measures and processes for old wells,etc.During the“Thirteenth Five-Year Plan”period,through the design of reducing cost and increasing efficiency,the newly built production capacity of oil production engineering was about 5 million tons,and the investment was reduced by about 900 million yuan.The measures on old wells increased oil by nearly 4 million tons,and the system efficiency increased by 2.2 percentage points.Under the premise of increasing well numbers,the energy consumption was still reduced by 15.6%.